![]() These results suggest electrospun SF scaffolds may be potential candidates for cardiovascular tissue engineering. Cell attachment and proliferation studies with pig iliac endothelial cells (PIECs) demonstrated that electrospun SF scaffolds significantly promoted cell attachment and proliferation in comparison with cast SF films. When creating electrospun scaffolds for tissue engineering, nanofiber alginment is important for cell growth and proliferation for medical grade scaffolds. The results displayed that SF in electrospun fibers was present in a random coil conformation, SF conformation transformed from random coil to beta-sheet when treated with methanol. The structure of electrospun SF fibers was characterized by NMR, WAXD, and DSC. ![]() The AFM images revealed that, after treated with methanol, there was a groove on the surface of fiber, which is conducive to cell attachment. The SEM images indicated that electrospun SF fibers were ribbon-shaped and the average width increased with increasing SF concentrations. The morphology of the electrospun scaffolds was investigated with SEM and AFM. By incorporating gelatin fibers in the electrospun scaffolds, the barrier tightness increases and reaches values comparable to those of the Transwell -based model and the native BBB, rendering hybrid scaffolds the most promising candidates for culturing in vitro BBB models to adequately mimic the in vivo properties of the human BBB. Electrospun scaffolds of silk fibroin were fabricated as a biomimetic scaffold for tissue engineering. Electrospinning offers an attractive opportunity for producing silk fibroin (SF) nano/micro fibrous scaffolds with potential for tissue regeneration and repair. In the present review, we have summarized the preparation of macroporous electrospun scaffold techniques for the skin, blood vessels, bone, cartilage and nerve tissue engineering for different applications, and further discuss the influence of changing pore-enlarging process parameters on the properties of the scaffolds, such as mechanical prope.
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